The mysterious puzzle of culture change

4 min read
4 min read

Let’s talk about culture. Arguably the most discussed—and least understood—topic on the planet.

We can feel it but it’s largely intangible. We can hear it but it exists without noise. We can see it, but it has no rigid form.

Most people think culture is a puzzle. And like a puzzle, there are pieces that fit together. Signs, symbols, languages and rituals. They’re all pieces of any cultural puzzle. And that’s what most organisations focus on when trying to shift their culture.

Let’s get rid of offices! That’s the problem.

Let’s get rid of cubicles! That’s the problem.

Heck, we don’t have a table-tennis table! That’s the problem.

So we repaint, reconfigure, restructure and review everything and everyone trying to piece together a new puzzle. In the end, we stand back when the puzzle is done and our shoulders slump. Humph.

But culture is not simply a puzzle to solve. It’s a mystery. A glorious, frustrating, wonderful mystery. Mysteries can be something we try to solve, but they’re also fluid and unstructured. They’re different, and keep shifting.

The well-trodden path

You’ve seen it plenty of times. The simplified six-step culture change processes that many organisations follow in a desperate attempt to improve:

  1. realise their culture isn’t where it needs to be
  2. look enviously at examples of cultures they’d like to be like
  3. study and decode drivers of these other successful cultures
  4. implement these drivers into their own culture
  5. live in a temporary state of thinking that their culture is getting better
  6. revert to step 1.

Get off the merry-go-round

Look, it’s a well-intentioned effort – this whole six-step path. However, in many cases failure waits just around the next corner. That’s because there’s a fundamental piece missing that is almost always ignored in building, readjusting and maintaining a workplace culture.

And that’s belief.

Six letters that mobilise people more than anything else we’ve ever seen in the history of our species. It’s caused wars, cured disease, bought genocide and birthed human rights. Belief can be both good and evil, and in this case—shaping company culture—it’s the missing step that very few observe.

Most organisations try and shift their culture by adopting new systems, behaviours, rituals, language or values. Yet they don’t really examine the core belief systems held by the people in their business, much less verbalise and question them.

It’s much more than a puzzle to solve

Are you picking up what I’m putting down? Behaviours, language, signs and symbols are all pieces of the culture puzzle, but there’s more to cultural change than fitting pieces of the puzzle together. That’s because your culture is ultimately a physical manifestation of the collective belief held by the people at your work.

That’s the great mystery of culture that few organisations dare to tackle; how do we examine and reshape the deepest beliefs we hold about our work.

It’s intangible and hard. Or at least it is until we start to share and discuss the beliefs that we hold about work and what the experience is for us. That’s the mystery we should start with first. Because all the pieces of the puzzle count for little unless we explore the surface on which they lay.

Getting deep here

Now I know the expansive thinking, early-adopting, thought leaderish leader will respond favourably, but the linear, list-making-and-loving leader will say “I don’t get it. That’s super vague. Just tell me what I need to do in simple terms!”

OK, let’s make it crystal clear. Ask these questions (almost daily):

  • What would we need to believe, to be radically different/better than we are right now?
  • What do we continue to believe that doesn’t help us be different/better?

The real and permanent culture change starts with questions (and conversations) like these.

I possess an unshakeable belief that work—this third of your life you donate your precious time to—is something that can be immensely fulfilling and rewarding. It can improve every other area of your life. And yet we’re fully aware many people approach work as the thing you have to suffer through on your way towards retirement. Imagine what it would take to shift your beliefs about work beyond the beige to something extraordinary?

That’s a mystery worth thinking about.

Picture of By Darren Hill

By Darren Hill

executive director

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Derek Thompson

Via live link

Best Selling Author, Podcast Host of 'Plain English'

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Keynote 8 – Navigating the energy transition: opportunities, investor strategies and policy needs

Few speakers can match Derek Thompson‘s ability to synthesize mega-trends in society, labor, economics, technology, and politics. Put another way: Derek trawls the data sets and does the forecasting and deep reporting necessary to help us better understand how we live, how we vote, how we spend, and how we work.

In his paradigm-shifting #1 New York Times bestseller, Abundance (co-written with Ezra Klein), this award-winning journalist reveals how our policies and culture have pushed us into a world of scarcity (not enough housing, workers, or progress)—and offers a radical new path towards a world where housing is affordable, energy is plentiful, and innovation flourishes across industries.

He shares a compelling vision of a future where we have more than enough for everybody, and a practical, actionable roadmap for how to get there. It starts with taking more risks, building more expansively, and recognizing that we all have the power to create a world of abundance. “Everything’s utopian until it’s reality,” he says.

Carmen Beverley-Smith

Executive Director - Superannuation, Life & Private Health Insurance, APRA

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Carmen joined APRA in March 2023 and holds the role of Executive Director, Life and Private Health Insurance and Superannuation.  

She has had an esteemed career in financial services, spanning over 25 years. She has held diverse leadership roles at Westpac and Commonwealth Bank of Australia, including across risk, transformation and change, product and portfolio development, and sales and service. 

Prior to joining APRA, she held the role of General Manager, Risk Transformation Delivery Integration at Westpac. This involved leading the group-wide implementation of a suite of solutions to uplift risk management capability and develop data, analytics and reporting. 

Carmen leads with a values-driven approach and a particular interest in developing and mentoring talent. 

She holds a Bachelor of Commerce and Accounting, is a certified Chartered Accountant and a Graduate of the Australian Institute of Company Directors. 

Amy C. Edmondson

Novartis Professor of Leadership and Management, Harvard Business School

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Keynote 8 – Navigating the energy transition: opportunities, investor strategies and policy needs

Amy C. Edmondson is the Novartis Professor of Leadership and Management at the Harvard Business School, a chair established to support the study of human interactions that lead to the creation of successful enterprises that contribute to the betterment of society.

Edmondson has been recognized by the biannual Thinkers50 global ranking of management thinkers since 2011, and most recently was ranked #1 in 2021 and 2023; she also received that organization’s Breakthrough Idea Award in 2019, and Talent Award in 2017.  She studies teaming, psychological safety, and organisational learning, and her articles have been published in numerous academic and management outlets, including Administrative Science Quarterly, Academy of Management Journal, Harvard Business Review and California Management Review. Her 2019 book, The Fearless Organization: Creating Psychological Safety in the Workplace for Learning, Innovation and Growth (Wiley), has been translated into 15 languages. Her prior books – Teaming: How organizations learn, innovate and compete in the knowledge economy (Jossey-Bass, 2012), Teaming to Innovate (Jossey-Bass, 2013) and Extreme Teaming (Emerald, 2017) – explore teamwork in dynamic organisational environments. In Building the future: Big teaming for audacious innovation (Berrett-Koehler, 2016), she examines the challenges and opportunities of teaming across industries to build smart cities. 

Edmondson’s latest book, Right Kind of Wrong (Atria), builds on her prior work on psychological safety and teaming to provide a framework for thinking about, discussing, and practicing the science of failing well. First published in the US and the UK in September, 2023, the book is due to be translated into 24 additional languages, and was selected for the Financial Times and Schroders Best Business Book of the Year award.

Before her academic career, she was Director of Research at Pecos River Learning Centers, where she worked on transformational change in large companies. In the early 1980s, she worked as Chief Engineer for architect/inventor Buckminster Fuller, and her book A Fuller Explanation: The Synergetic Geometry of R. Buckminster Fuller (Birkauser Boston, 1987) clarifies Fuller’s mathematical contributions for a non-technical audience. Edmondson received her PhD in organisational behavior, AM in psychology, and AB in engineering and design from Harvard University.

 

Daniel Mulino MP

Assistant Treasurer and Minister for Financial Services

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Keynote 8 – Navigating the energy transition: opportunities, investor strategies and policy needs

Born in Brindisi, Italy, Daniel was a young child when he moved with his family to Australia. He grew up in Canberra and completed his first degrees – arts and law – at the ANU. He then completed a Master of Economics (University of Sydney) and a PhD in economics from Yale.

He lectured at Monash University, was an economic adviser in the Gillard government and was a Victorian MP from 2014 to 2018. As Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer of Victoria, Daniel helped deliver major infrastructure projects and developed innovative financing structures for community projects.

In 2018 he was preselected for the new federal seat of Fraser and became its first MP at the 2019 election, re-elected in 2022 and 2025. From 2022 to 2025, Daniel was chair of the House of Representatives’ Standing Economics Committee in which he chaired inquiries; economic dynamism, competition and business formation and insurers’ responses to 2022 major floods claims.

In 2025, he became the Assistant Treasurer and Minister for Financial Services.

In August 2022, Daniel published ‘Safety Net: The Future of Welfare in Australia’, which aims to explore the ways in which an insurance approach can improve the effectiveness of government service delivery.